Look Who it Was Random video

Morphogenetic Patterns - Lecture 2 by Vijaykumar Krishnamurthy

599 views · Published 19 September 2018 · 1:27:46 · Indexed 21 September 2026

Channel: International Centre for Theoretical Sciences · 2018 · Science & Technology

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ORGANIZERS : Vidyanand Nanjundiah and Olivier Rivoire

DATE & TIME  : 16 April 2018 to 26 April 2018

VENUE : Ramanujan Lecture Hall, ICTS Bangalore

This program is aimed at Master's- and PhD-level students who wish to be exposed to interesting problems in biology that lie at the biology-physics interface. Besides familiarity with basic biology, they will be expected to have an adequate background in physics and/or mathematics. The school will consist of formal lectures as well as informal tutorial sessions.

Two themes form the background to the school. First, evolution by natural selection, while being the chief mode of adaptive evolution, is subject to significant constraints, for example, because of intra-molecular correlations between amino acids in proteins or physical forces in multicellular development. Second, some long-term evolutionary outcomes resemble the short-term behaviour of physico-chemical matter that is based on generic, which is to say mechanical and chemical, properties of solids and liquids.

The topics to be covered in the lectures are based on these themes and can be outlined in terms of four questions.

(a) Do physical constraints impede or favour the adaptation of evolving systems?
(b) To what extent can evolutionary outcomes be explained in terms of the short-term behaviour of physical systems?
(c) How may mathematical models help in understanding fundamental principles of spatio-temporal organisation in living systems?
(d) Can quantitative experiments and large-scale data provide new conceptual insights on living matter?

These questions will be illustrated in a range of contexts from molecular evolution to ecology through cell and tissue dynamics.

 
PROGRAM LINK
https://www.icts.res.in/program/LivingMatter2018

Table of Contents (powered by https://videoken.com)
0:00:00 Start 
0:00:10 Morphogenetic Patterns
0:00:30 CELLS
0:00:39 BIG PICTURE : DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
0:00:50 DEVELOPMENT OF MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS
0:02:01 ZEBRAFISH
0:02:34 DEVELOPMENT
0:03:31 EMBRYOGENESIS
0:03:48 FRUIT FLY
0:04:23 PATTERNING THE FLY
0:06:24 REACTION-DIFFUSION PATTERNS
0:12:01 HOW TO SHAPE THE EMBRYO?
0:12:39 CYTOSKELETON : FORCE GENERATOR
0:13:15 ACTOMYOSIN CORTEX
0:15:23 MORPHOGENESIS : MOUSE EYELID CLOSURE
0:17:16 ACTOMYOSIN CONTRACTILITY
0:18:31 Contractility gradients drive cortical flows
0:20:42 THERMODYNAMICS
0:21:53 HYDRODYNAMICS
0:23:18 RELAXATION TO EQUILIBRIUM
0:23:37 NONEQUILIBRIUM STEADY-STATES
0:24:29 HYDRODYNAMIC THEORIES
0:25:32 EXAMPLES OF HYDRODYNAMIC THEORIES
0:26:37 A GLASS OF WATER
0:27:57 SMALL VOLUME ELEMENTS
0:28:32 FLOWING VOLUME ELEMENTS
0:28:58 HYDRODYNAMIC FIELDS
0:30:07 HOW TO GET THE HYDRODYNAMIC EQUATIONS?
0:34:03 HYDRODYNAMIC STRESS
0:38:52 ACTIVE FLUIDS
0:39:42 ACTIVE HYDRODYNAMICS OF THE CORTEX
0:42:37 Active stress gradients drive flows
0:44:25 STATIC PATTERNS IN ACTIVE FLUIDS
0:48:42 ACTIVE PULSATORY PATTERNS
0:50:56 ACTIVE MECHANOCHEMICAL PATTERNS
0:51:33 Morphogenesis : C. elegant
0:52:28 Par polarity in C. elegant zygotes
0:54:10 Actomyosin cortical flows
0:54:35 How do we understand this mechanobiological patterns?
0:54:56 PAR proteins
0:57:07 PHASE DIAGRAM OF PAR SYSTEM
1:01:01 Phenomenology of PAR polarity
1:02:38 Data acquisition
1:04:40 PARs, NMY2 and Flow
1:06:51 NMY-2 off-rate is regulated by PAR-6
1:07:30 Building a theory for PAR polarity...
1:07:54 A theory for PAR polarity
1:09:37 I remember my friend Johnny yon Neumann used to say,
1:10:45 PAR module
1:12:42 Myosin-flow module
1:13:20 Full system
1:14:27 Flow threshold
1:16:46 Correlation functions
1:18:01 PHASE DIAGRAM
1:18:43 GUIDED MECHANOCHEMICAL PATTERN
1:20:01 MECHANOCHEMICAL PATTERNS
1:20:32 BUT HOW TO SHAPE THE EMBRYO?
1:21:28 ACTIVE MECHANICS + MORPHOGENESIS
1:21:46 ACTIVE PATTERNS ON CURVED MANIFOLDS
1:22:09 STATIONARY ACTIVE PATTERNS
1:23:08 SUMMARY
1:23:41 Q&A

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