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How Solar Panels Work - A Galco TV Tech Tip | Galco

688 views · Published 6 August 2018 · 1:36 · Indexed 20 September 2026

Channel: GalcoTV · 2018 · Science & Technology

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Photovoltaic solar panels are made of many tiny solar cells, which are made of silicon, similar to a semiconductor. They are constructed with a positive and negative layer. When combined, they create an electrical field, just like a battery.

When photons from the sun hit a solar cell, electrons are knocked loose from their atoms. If conductors are attached to the positive and negative sides of a cell, it forms an electrical circuit. When electrons flow through a circuit such as that, they generate electricity. Solar panels are made up of multiple cells, and you can wire multiple panels together to form a solar array. The more of those panels that you deploy, the more energy that you can expect to generate. 

Solar panels generate DC current. Since the US power grid uses AC electricity due to it being less expensive to transmit over long distances, solar panels use a solar inverter to convert that DC power into AC power. Additionally, inverters can provide additional benefits including ground fault protection, stats, energy production, and maximum power point tracking.

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With respect to the usage, installation or assembly of any products described in this video, Galco Industrial Electronics, Inc., a Michigan corporation, encourages you to follow the requirements and/or guidelines of:  i) the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970, Public Law 91-596, as amended,  and all laws, rules and regulations implemented in relation thereto;  ii)  the National  Electric Code®;  and  iii) NFPA 70E®.  Any installation, assembly or work described in this video should be performed by a qualified licensed electrician.
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