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HURRICANE MARIA RECORD RAIN - FLOODING - Cosmic Ray Connection and the Grand Solar Minimum

2,005 views · Published 21 September 2017 · 8:44 · Indexed 6 October 2026

Channel: Oppenheimer Ranch Project · 2017 · People & Blogs

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PUBLIC RELEASE: 20-SEP-2017
NASA finds very heavy rainfall in Hurricane Maria
NASA/GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER
  
NASA looked into Hurricane Maria and found that powerful convective storms within the hurricane were dropping heavy rainfall. Maria brought that heavy rainfall to Puerto Rico and made landfall on Sept. 20 at 6:15 a.m. EDT.

The Global Precipitation Measurement mission, or GPM, core observatory satellite collected data on rainfall rates as it passed above Hurricane Maria earlier on Sept. 19 at 9:51 p.m. AST/EDT (Sept. 20 0151 UTC). The rainfall analysis was derived from GPM's Microwave Imager (GMI) and Dual-Frequency Precipitation Radar (DPR) data received by the satellite. GPM's radar (DPR Ku band) found that some extreme storms within the hurricane's feeder bands were dropping rain at a rate of greater than 5.4 inches (137 mm) per hour.

GPM is a joint mission between NASA and the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA).

NASA-NOAA's Suomi NPP satellite VIIRS instrument captured a thermal image on Sept. 20 at 2:12 a.m. EDT (0612 UTC). The image showed very cold cloud top temperatures in the powerful thunderstorms in Maria's eyewall. At the time, Maria's eye was just east of the American Virgin Islands, and its northwestern quadrant stretched over Puerto Rico.

In 1997, Svensmark and Eigil Friis-Christensen popularised a theory that linked galactic cosmic rays and global climate change mediated primarily by variations in the intensity of the solar wind, which they have termed cosmoclimatology. This theory had earlier been reviewed by Dickinson. One of the small-scale processes related to this link was studied in a laboratory experiment performed at the Danish National Space Center (paper published in the Proceedings of the Royal Society A, February 8, 2007).

Svensmark's research downplays the significance to which atmospheric CO2 has affected recent and historical global warming, with him arguing that greenhouse gases play a considerable role in climate change but solar variations play a larger one.

On 24 August 2011, preliminary research published in the journal Nature showed there was a connection between Cosmic Rays and aerosol nucleation. Kirkby went on to say in the definitive CERN press Release "Ion-enhancement is particularly pronounced in the cool temperatures of the mid-troposphere and above, where CLOUD has found that sulphuric acid and water vapour can nucleate without the need for additional vapours.

The first CLOUD experiments showed that sulphuric acid (derived from sulphur dioxide, for which fossil fuels are the predominant source) as such has a much smaller effect than had been assumed. In 2014, CLOUD researchers presented newer experimental results showing an interaction between oxidised biogenic vapours (e.g., alpha-pinene emitted by trees) and sulphuric acid. Ions produced in the atmosphere by galactic cosmic rays enhance the formation rate of these particles significantly, provided the concentrations of sulphuric acid and oxidised organic vapours are quite low. This new process may account for seasonal variations in atmospheric aerosol particles, which are being related to higher global tree emissions in the northern hemisphere summer.

The CLOUD Experiment at CERN - Jasper Kirkby - IRMACS Global Warming Lecture Series 2011: https://youtu.be/wSKeZMy7kS8

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henrik_Svensmark

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLOUD_experiment

https://home.cern/sites/home.web.cern.ch/files/image/experiment/2013/01/cloud.jpeg

http://jonova.s3.amazonaws.com/graphs/cosmic-ray/svensen-cosmic-rays-tropospheric-temperature-crop.gif

http://icecap.us/images/uploads/COSMICRAYSvsCLOUDS.jpg

http://www.goes-r.gov/users/comet/tropical/textbook_2nd_edition/media/graphics/tropical_tropopause_layer.jpg

http://www.nws.noaa.gov/oh/hdsc/Technical_papers/TP2.pdf

https://weather.com/news/weather/news/extreme-rainfall-records-united-states

http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/gtwo.php?basin=atlc&fdays=2

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