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Sixth Crusade - Diplomacy and the Christian Reclamation of Jerusalem (24)

2,165 views · Published 20 September 2017 · 9:39 · Indexed 31 October 2026

Channel: Evangelist Nick Garrett · 2017 · Education

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For expert information on the crusades I recommend J. Stephen Roberts and the crew over at realcrusadeshistory.com, and videos on the youtube channel of the same name.  

“The Gentle Art of Diplomacy” Excerpt from "Frederick II to Henry III of England," in Roger of Wendover's Flores Historiarum (1229)Originally written by Frederick II; Reprinted in Liber qui dictiur Flores Historiarum ab anno Domini MCLIV annoque Henrici Anglorum regis Secundi primo; Edited by H. G. Hewlett; Published in 1886–89, Excerpt from Matthew Paris's Chronica Majora (1258)Originally written by Gerold, Patriarch of Jerusalem; Reprinted in "Letters of the Crusaders," in Translations and Reprints from the Original Sources of European History; Translated by Dana C. Munro; Published in 1896) http://www.enotes.com/topics/gentle-art-diplomacy [October 26, 2016]

“Frederick II: A Bridge Between East and West” published June 27, 2011 accessed [November 21, 2016]

Al-Aqsa Mosque, also known as Al-Aqsa and Bayt al-Muqaddas, is the third holiest site in Sunni Islam and is located in the Old City of Jerusalem. Wikipedia [October 24, 2016]

Les Gestes des Ciprois. Gaston Reynaud. pp. 48–50. Retrieved 10 May 2015. “The Emperor and his men and all the Syrians left Acre to go to Jaffa. There they held truce conferences with al-Kamil, who was then Sultan of Babylon and Damascus, [Al-Kamal was, in fact, Sultan of Egypt, and not at this time ruling in Damascus, which was under his nephew, an-Nasir Dawud and who held Jerusalem and the whole country. As a result of their agreement Jerusalem, Nazareth, and Lydda were thereby turned over to the Emperor.”  Wikipedia [accessed December 1, 2016]

David Abulafia supports the idea that Frederick respected the terms of the treaty and that defenses in Jerusalem were only gradually restored. “David Abulafia, FBA is an influential English historian Google [November 26, 2016]

“God’s War: A New History of the Crusades” by: Christopher Tyerman,  October 7, 2008 [October 26, 2016] quoted extensively by http://www.realcrusadeshistory.com, J. Stephen Roberts during his lectures on “A concise overview of the Sixth Crusade” and “Frederick II and the Sixth Crusade”

“Frederick II: A Bridge Between East and West” published June 27, 2011 accessed [November 21, 2016]

Al Kamil is the same Character from the Egyptian theater of war during the Fifth Crusade.  

Isabella II was born in Andria, in the southern Italian Kingdom of Sicily. She was the only child of Maria of Montferrat, Queen of Jerusalem, and John of Brienne. . [September 11, 2016]

Frederick II was a Holy Roman Emperor and King of Sicily, a member of the House of Hohenstaufen. Wikipedia [October 20, 2016]

Al Muazzam Turanshah, also Turan Shah, in Arabic: ‫توران شاه‬‎‎), birth unknown, death 2 May 1250 He was a Kurdish ruler of Egypt, a son of Sultan As-Salih Ayyub. A member of Ayyubid Dynasty, he became Sultan of Egypt for a brief period in 1249–50.  Wikipedia [November 13, 2016]

The Papal Bull excommunicating Frederick II can be read in English as www.papalencyclicals.com, [October 21, 2016]

“De Arte Venandi cum Avibus, literally On The Art of Hunting with Birds,” is a Latin treatise on ornithology and Falconry written in the 1240s by Frederick II. He was familiar with Aristotle's treatises on animals Liber Animalum, a translation by Michael Scot, from the Arabic Kitāb al-Hayawān. He was also familiar with De Scientia Venandi per Aves, a treatise by the Arab falconer Moamyn, it was translated into Latin at his court by Master Theodore of Antioch, and much copied. Google [November 14, 2016]

Amir Fakhr al Din Ibn al Shayk was a diplomat whose aim was to offer gifts and present Al Kamil’s position to Frederick II.

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